Frank Stem
C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences
Evaluating the built-in functionality of nanomaterials under practical conditions is central for their proposed integration as active components in next-generation electronics. Low-dimensional materials from single atoms to molecules have been consistently resolved and manipulated under ultrahigh vacuum at low temperatures. At room temperature, atomic-scale imaging has also been performed by probing materials at the solid/liquid interface. We exploit this electrical interface to develop a robust electronic decoupling platform that provides precise information on molecular energy levels recorded using in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy/spectroscopy with high spatial and energy resolution in a high-density liquid environment. Our experimental findings, supported by ab initio electronic structure calculations and atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations, reveal direct mapping of single-molecule structure and resonance states at the solid/liquid interface. We further extend this approach to resolve the electronic structure of graphene monolayers at atomic length scales under standard roomerature operating conditions.
Frank Stem
C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences
C.M. Brown, L. Cristofolini, et al.
Chemistry of Materials
L.K. Wang, A. Acovic, et al.
MRS Spring Meeting 1993
Shaoning Yao, Wei-Tsu Tseng, et al.
ADMETA 2011