J.H. Stathis, R. Bolam, et al.
INFOS 2005
An organocatalytic approach to living and condensation polymerization using N-heterocyclic carbenes as nucleophilic catalysts is detailed. The N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst platform is extremely versatile with the nature of the substituents having a pronounced effect upon catalyst stability and activity towards different substrates. Rapid screening of libraries of catalysts provided a basic understanding of catalyst structure (sterics, electronics, etc.) as it influences the polymerization rate, control, substrate and range of molecular weights. ROP from an immiscible ionic liquid (precatalyst reservoir) and a THF solution of monomer and initiator is presented as a simplified method of carbene formation. In situ activation of the ionic liquid generated a nucleophilic N-heterocyclic carbene, which migrates to the organic phase effecting ROP. Other simplified methods of generating carbene thermally from carbene adducts are also presented as polymerization catalysts. © 2006.
J.H. Stathis, R. Bolam, et al.
INFOS 2005
H.D. Dulman, R.H. Pantell, et al.
Physical Review B
Elizabeth A. Sholler, Frederick M. Meyer, et al.
SPIE AeroSense 1997
Michael Ray, Yves C. Martin
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering