C.E. Otis, R.W. Dreyfus
Physical Review Letters
Sequential absorption of two laser photons converts a Cs atomic beam into a "cold" Cs+ ion beam, i.e., a beam with minimal random kinetic energy [Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 495 (1980)]. Improvements have now increased the spectral brightness by 2.7×104 times, i.e., to 2.7 A/cm 2 sr eV, and have thereby made this source practical for ion microscopy and similar experiments requiring high-brightness beams with minimal energy spread.
C.E. Otis, R.W. Dreyfus
Physical Review Letters
R.W. Dreyfus, R. Srinivasan
CLEO 1987
R.W. Dreyfus, Roger Kelly, et al.
Applied Physics Letters
R.W. Dreyfus
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids