A.P. Singh, D.D. Gandhi, et al.
Applied Physics Letters
The relationship between interfacial adhesion and electromigration in Cu metallization was discussed. The electromigration drift velocity and lifetime in a conventional electromigration was also derived. The results indicated a linear relationship between the electromigration activation energy and the intrinsic work of adhesion.
A.P. Singh, D.D. Gandhi, et al.
Applied Physics Letters
R.F. Cook, E. Liniger, et al.
Journal of hard materials
J.R. Lloyd, E. Liniger, et al.
Microelectronics Reliability
R.F. Cook, E. Liniger, et al.
MRS Spring Meeting 1998