Large-scale arrays of aligned single viruses

The fabrication of single virus arrays is demonstrated using direct printing of unmodified anti-M13 bacteriophage antibodies onto silicon with nanometer resolution (see image), widely variable feature pitch, and flow alignment of the viruses. Organization of virus-based systems into functional, addressable arrays has many technological applications including microarray technology and bottom-up nanoassemblles. © 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KCaA.