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Publication
Physical Review Letters
Paper
Evolution of polaron states into bipolarons in polypyrrole
Abstract
The kinetics of polaron recombination into bipolarons in polypyrrole has been studied by optical-absorption spectroscopy on films doped in situ in an electrochemical cell. ESR studies confirm that the metastable states possess spin, while the stable states do not. The data reveal a slow evolution, consistent with polaron-diffusion rates limited by the mobility of the accompanying counterion. © 1984 The American Physical Society.