Daniel M. Kuchta, Alexander V. Rylyakov, et al.
Journal of Lightwave Technology
We present the design, fabrication, and measurement results of low-insertion-loss and low-crosstalk broadband 2 × 2 Mach-Zehnder switches for nanosecond-scale optical data routing applications. We propose a simulation framework to calculate the spectral characteristics of switches and use it to design two switches: one based on directional couplers, the other using two-section directional couplers for broader bandwidth. We show that driving the switch in a push-pull manner enables to reduce insertion loss and optical crosstalk at the expense of the optical bandwidth. We achieve a good correlation between simulations and devices fabricated in IBM's 90-nm photonics-enabled CMOS process. We demonstrate a push-pull drive switch with insertion loss of ∼ 1 dB and an optical crosstalk smaller than -23 dB over a 45-nm optical bandwidth in the O-band. We further achieve a transition time of ∼ 4 ns with an average phase shifter consumption of 1 mW and a heater efficiency of ∼25 mWπ.
Daniel M. Kuchta, Alexander V. Rylyakov, et al.
Journal of Lightwave Technology
Benjamin G. Lee, Christian Baks, et al.
PHO 2011
Mark Ferriss, Bodhisatwa Sadhu, et al.
ISSCC 2016
William M. J. Green, Solomon Assefa, et al.
PHOTINICS 2010