Wendi Liu, Alex Skillen, et al.
Computational Thermal Sciences
We study numerically the propagation of a hot thermal transient through a U-bend via an ensemble of wall-resolved large eddy simulations. Conjugate heat transfer between fluid and solid domains is accounted for. The flow is in a fully turbulent mixed convection regime, with a bulk Reynolds number of 10,000, a Richardson number of 2.23, and water as the working fluid (Prandtl number = 6). These conditions lead to strong thermal stratification, with buoyancy-induced secondary flows, and the generation of a large and persistent recirculation region. The evolution of Dean vortices as the thermal transient passes is studied. It is found that baroclinic vorticity generation dominates over a large period of the transient, due to the thermal inertia of the wall. Gravitational buoyancy leads to a reversal of the counter-rotating vortex pair. The impact of this reversal on the swirl-switching and secondary-current losses is assessed. It is found that low frequency modes are suppressed in the reversed-vortex state.
Wendi Liu, Alex Skillen, et al.
Computational Thermal Sciences
Christopher Overton, Helena B. Stage, et al.
Infectious Disease Modelling
Wendi Liu, Alex Skillen, et al.
Computational Thermal Sciences
Małgorzata J. Zimoń, Robert Sawko, et al.
Fluids