Resource allocation and utilization in the Blue Gene/L supercomputer

Abstract

This paper describes partition allocation for parallel jobs in the Blue Gene®/L supercomputer. It describes the novel network architecture of the Blue Gene/L (BG/L) three-dimensional (3D) computational core and presents a preliminary analysis of its properties and advantages compared those of with more traditional systems. The scalability challenge is solved in BG/L by sacrificing granularity of system management. The system is treated as a collection of composite allocation units that contain both processing and communication resources. We discuss the ensuing algorithmic framework for computational and communication resource allocation and present results of simulations that explore resource utilization of BG/L for different workloads. We find that utilization depends strongly on both the predominant partition topology (mesh or torus) and the 3D shapes requested by the running jobs. When communication links are treated as dedicated resources, it is much more difficult to allocate toroidal partitions than mesh ones, especially for jobs of more than one allocation unit in each dimension. We show that in these difficult cases, the advantage of BG/L compared with a 3D toroidal machine of the same size is very significant, with resource utilization better by a factor of 2. In the easier cases (e.g., predominantly mesh partitions), there are no disadvantages. The advantage is primarily due to the BG/L novel multi-toroidal topology that permits coallocation of multiple toroidal partitions at negligible additional cost. © Copyright 2005 by International Business Machines Corporation.