Materiales orgánicos electroluminiscentes

The recent discovery of electroluminiscent organic materials opens new perpectives for the preparation of light emiter diodes, screens and thin profile monitors. The basic unity of these devices is a light emiter diode made of thin films, which can be deposited using relatively simple techniques over a large variety of substrates. These new electroluminiscent materials exist as conjugated polymers (electric charge conductors) or as small molecules, evanescent oligomers, constituted by one or more chemical unites. Research on these materials is a field of productive, attractive and interdisciplinary work that require the close collaboration between physicists and chemists, in the theoretical as well as in the experimental level. Some cases of diodes and other electroluminiscent elements made of organic materials are presented in this paper. In the same way, some measurements of the electronic levels using a tunnel effect microscope are shown. In the use of this instrument, the sharpness of the microscope can be as a cathod of an electroluminscent diode, characteristic that allows to measure the spectra of the electroluminiscent emission in regions of nanoscopic ranges.