Ronald Troutman
Synthetic Metals
The phenomenon of metastable phase formation during a constant temperature and constant pressure thin film reaction is explained by a kinetic model emphasizing the rate of transition. It is assumed that the reaction obeys a maximum time-dependent rather than time-independent negative free energy change. The product persists in the metastable state due to a high activation barrier to later transition. © 1991.
Ronald Troutman
Synthetic Metals
Frank R. Libsch, Takatoshi Tsujimura
Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Displays Technology and Applications 1997
William Hinsberg, Joy Cheng, et al.
SPIE Advanced Lithography 2010
Julian J. Hsieh
Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces and Films