R.L. Melcher, N.S. Shiren
Physics Letters A
Thermal particle detection is a new approach to the detection of generic particulate contaminants on products. The method takes advantage of the low thermal conductivity of a particle/substrate interface by using rapid thermal heating to raise the particle temperature over the temperature of its surroundings. The perturbed particle is then detected by its subsequent thermal emissions with a highly sensitive IR detector. The physics of particle heating and detection both in vacuum and in air is described.
R.L. Melcher, N.S. Shiren
Physics Letters A
R.L. Melcher, N.S. Shiren
Physical Review Letters
R.J. Von Gutfeld, E.E. Tynan, et al.
Applied Physics Letters
F.H. Dacol, H. Ermert, et al.
Scanning Electron Microscopy